Type-writing or other like machine.



No. 694,354. Patented Mar. 4, I902.

m. c. CORNELL. TYPE WRITING OR OTHER LIKE MACHINE.

(Application filed Oct. 8, 1900.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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' Patented Mar. 4, I902. M. C. CORNELL. r TYPE WRITING OR OTHER LIKE MACHINE.

(Applicatioli filed Oct. 8, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT... GFFICE.

MABLE C. CORNELL, OF ALMA, KANSAS.

TYPE-WRITING OR OTHER LIKE MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 694,354, dated March 4, 1902.

Application filed October 8, l900.- Serial No. 32,398. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MABLE G. CORNELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Alma, in the county of Wabaunsee' and State of Kansas, have invented new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing or other Like Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce in a type-writing machinean arrangement whereby I can write Words consisting of two or more letters, as well as single letters, at one uniform stroke of the key, said machine automatically spacing one, two, three, or more spaces, according to the number of spaces required for the word written. The letters used in the words may thus be of uniform size I with the single letters, and the spaces given to the words at one stroke will be equal to the spaces which would be given if the word were written letter by letter in the usual manner of type-writing machines. I accomplish this by means of a stop-guide having a series of steps and returning -grooves, which .stop, guide, and control the limber pawl in its sideward and backward movement, said limber pawl being actuated and controlled in its forward movement by a system of differential leverages.

It must be understood that in this specification and in the drawings I have illustrated my invention as applied to what is commonly known in the art as the Standard Reining: ton type-writer No. 2. I have not shown the complete machine, but only such portions as are deemed necessary to fully illustrate my invention.

In the drawings, Figure l is a sectional view of the machine,taken through the line a C6,.

Fig. 3, showing the leverages and their relation to each other. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the supporting-frames and the spring-lever,

together with sufficient portion of the dogrocker, with its arms of different lengths, to show the manner in which the longer and shorter leverages are obtained. .Fig'. 3 is a plan view, partly broken away, showing the keyboard, the upper portion of the-said ordinary Standard Remington No. 2, the stopguide, and the upper ends of the pawls, a portion of the ratchet-bar being removed in order to show the position of said pawls when at rest with reference to the ratchet and the stop'guide. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the pawls or dogs, the pawl or limber pawl H being in the position it assumes upon returning to the ratchet-bar from the stop-guide when a word of four letters is written. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of said pawls or dogs, taken from the right of the machine, showing'the mannerin which the pawl ordog H is attached to the pawl H and also showing the dog-rocker G with its differential arms. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are respectively an end view, a side view, and a bottom view of the stop-guide, showing its steps and returning-grooves.

Similarletters refer to similar parts throughout the several drawings. v

A is the key-lever, fulcrumed at A in the usual man ner,whereby are operated the typebars 0 through the connecting-rods B in the usual manner. The type are attached to said type-bar in the usual manner of such machines, corresponding to the letters and words shown upon the keys of the keyboard, so that an impression is made upon the platen W corresponding to the letter or word upon the particular key struck in the usual manner of single-letter machines.

On the under side of the key-levers A are the supporting-frames D D D D D D D,

all separately hinged on the rod V and supporting the key-levers along the line D'. These supporting-frames are held in placeby the spring supporting-lever E, which extends the full length of all said supporting-frames and is hinged at E to the lugs P" ofthe frame P and is firmly held in its position against said supporting-frames by the coil-spring P, which finds its bearing on the supportinglug P of said frame P. The downward stroke of all the key-levers is always the same, said key-levers being all stopped along the rod V. Attached to the said supporting-frames along the line D are the rods F F F F F F F, which are permitted to pass up through the interstices between the key-levers A. Said rods connect said respective supportingframes to the dog-rocker G through the arms of different lengths S S S S S S S, respectively, to which arms said rods are attached by the pins T through the slots U, the purlong arms S S; that the supporting-frame D,

which supports the two-letter key-levers, is

connectedto said lever-frame G through the shorter arm S by the rod F; that the supporting-frames D D,which support the threeletter key-levers, are connected to said leverframe G through its still shorter arms S S by the rods F F, and that the supportingframes D" D, which support the four-letter key-levers, are connected to said dog-rocker G through the shortest arms S S by the rods F F. It will thus be seen that bylike strokes of the difierent keys difierential leverages are obtained upon the dog-rocker G, such leverages varying according to the number of spaces required for the particular letter or word. Thus if a single-letter key is struck a comparatively long leverage of the dogrocker G is obtained through the supportingframe D, rod F, and arm S. If a two-letter key is struck, a comparatively shorter leverage of said dog-rocker G is obtained through the supporting-frame D,rod F, and shorter arm 8. If a three-letter key is struck, a comparatively still shorter leverage upon the dog-rocker G is obtained through the supporting-frame D, rod F, and arm S. If a four-letter key is struck, a comparatively yet still shorter leverage upon the dog-rocker G is obtained through the supporting-frame D, rod F, and arm S. The dog-rocker G is substantially similar to that used in said ordinary Standard Remington No. 2, with the exception of said difierential arms. It moves solidly with the fixed pawl H upon the axis G, all which parts are one piece or solidly attached to each other and are held in place on the supporting-bracket G by said axis G in the usual manner. spring, Whose oifice is to prevent the pawls from being thrown by their momentum too far-forward or beyond the proper step on the stop-guide J, to which said limber pawl H" is actuated, by the dog-rocker G andto force the parts quickly back to their primal positions after each stroke of the key.

Hinged to the fixed pawl Hat the point H is the limber pawl H, whose upper arm is actuated to the left (viewing it from the rear, as in Fig. 4) by the coil-spring I. The upper edges of the pawls extend through the opening S of the upper plate Rof the type-writer frame P, that they may come in contact with theratchet L in the usual manner, as also with the stop-guide J. Said upper edges of said pawls are in line with each other when the machine is in a state of rest, as shown in Fig. 3. It will be noticed here also that the general construction and arrangement of said G is the usual tension-' pawls are substantially the same as the construction and arrangement of similar parts in the ordinary Standard Remington N0. 2. The same is also true of the ratchet L and of its relation to said pawls. My device, however, requires a rather long upper or contact arm of the limber pawl H, so that it will not come out of contact with the ratchet L when words of several letters are written, as shown in Fig. 4.

' As heretofore constructed in the ordinary single-spacing machines the distance traveled from left to right (viewed from the front) by the upper or contact end of the limber pawl H is always equal to one notch on the ratchet L, and such distance is regulated, usually, by some stop or lug fixedly attached to the pawl H, which stops the limber pawl H one notch to the right. In my device I have invented the stop-guide J, with the steps K, K, K, and K and returning-grooves M, M, and M, whereby the distance traveled from left to right by the upper or contact end of said limber pawl H may be either one, two, three, or four notches, the same being regulated by the distancesaid pawls are thrown forward. The steps and returninggrooves of the stopguide correspond to the teeth and notches in the ratchet L. The stop-guide is attached to the upper side of the upper plate R of the frame P close to said ratchet, but escaping contact therewith, so that the limber pawl H may freely pass from the stop-guides to said ratchet, coming into contact with the teeth of the ratchet before coming out of contact with said stop-guide. Also said stopguide is so placed that the first step K is one notch to the right of the line of said pawls when the machine is in a state of rest, as

shown in Fig. 3, thus making the other steps and returning-grooves two, three, and four notches therefrom, respectively.

Now if the pawls are thrown forward a slight distance, (as in the ordinary Standard Remington No. 2,) so that the limber pawl H comes out of contact with the teeth of the ratchet L, said limber pawl H will be sprung to the right by the coil-spring I to the first step K of the stop-guide J, the carriage being held in position by the pawl H. lVhen the pawls recede to their primal position, the pawl H returns to the ratchet L in the notch next to the right of the one it has just left, and the pawl H coming out of contact with said ratchet the carriage is moved to the left a distance of one notch by the carriagdactuating spring in the usual manner, the limber pawl H being carried to its position of rest by said carriage and there held by the stop or lug Q. In other words, the movement of the parts in my device when spacing for a single letter is substantially similar to that of the ordinary Remington No. 2. If the pawls are thrown farther to the front, the pawl H will be sprung to the second step K, whence it returns to the ratchet L through the returning-groove scribed. If the pawls are thrownstill farther to' the front, the pawl 11 will 'be sprung to the third step K, whenceit returns to the ratchet L through the returning-groove M,

three notches removed from its primal posi-;

tion, and the carriage is then moved to the left'a distance of three notches or three spaces,

the limber pawlH being carried along with said carriage and stopped in the manner just described. If the pawls are thrown yet still farther to the front, the limber pawl 11 will be sprung to the fourth step I whence it returns to the ratchet L through thereturn-' of four notches or four spaces, the limber pawl H being carriedto its primal position in line with the pawl H and there stopped in the manner described.

The pawl H is broad, so that whether the pawls are thrown forward a slight or a great distance it willremain in contact with the teeth of the ratchet L, preventing the car-= riage-actuating spring from drawing the carriage to the left until the limber pawl His clear of the stop-guide J, at which instant said pawl H also comes out of contact with said ratchet L, permitting the carriage-actuating spring to draw the carriage and limberf It will now be pawl H to the left, as shown. seen that the purpose of said differential leverages upon the lever-frame G is to throw the upper or contact ends of said pawls forward to the first, second, third, or fourth steps; respectively, of the stop-guide J, thus producing one, two, three,'or'four spaces, as may be desired, by the single stroke ofthe key. I will now explain the movements of said parts in operation, which will exhibit their relation to each other. Suppose the operator desires to write the letter a. or any other character requiring a sin gle space. As heretofore explained, the leverkeys for the single letters or single-space character rest upon the supporting-frames D D. Upon striking the key a the key-lever isthe limber pawl H comes out of contact with the ratchet L and is sprung to the first step K Upon releasing the key' of the stop-guide J. the parts are forced quickly back to their primarypositions by the weight of the type-bar, by the spring-lever E, and by the tensionlng-groove M, four notches'rcmoved from its primal position, as shown in Fig. 4-, and the carriage is then moved to the left a distance;

Patent, is-

springG, the limber pawl H taking the course heretofore explained, and the carriage is moved forward one space, and the machine is then ready for the next stroke.

Suppose the operator desires to write the word is,- or any other word requiring two spaces; As heretofore shown, the key-levers for the two-space words rest upon the supporting-frame D.- Upon striking the key con tainiug the desired word the same action of the rod B, type-bar C), and type takes-place,

producing the proper imprint upon the platen NV, 'and the supporting-frame D and springlever'E are depressed as described. The dog- Irocker G is also pulled down by theirodF andarm S. The arm 8, however, being shorter than. the arm S, it is obvious that'a shorter leverage is obtained upon the leverframe G, thereby throwing the pawl farther forward thanin the case of the single space" letters just described until said lirnber pawl H issprung to the second step K of the stepguide J. Upon releasing'the key the parts are forced back to their primary positions, the limber pawlH taking the route heretofore laid out by way ofthe returning-groove M, the carriage moving forward two spaces. In a similar manner if a key containing a threelett-erword is struck,producing the proper impression upon the platen, the carriage is permitted to move forward three spaces by the supporting-frame D, rod F, still shorter arm S, third step K, and returning-groove M, together with theother parts used in common by all classes. Also in a similar manner if a key containing a four-letter word is struck, producing the proper impression upon the platen, the carriage is permitted to move forward four spaces by the supporting-frame D; rod F, still shorter arm S, fourth step K, and returning-groove M working in conjunction with the other parts used in common by all the key-levers. By means of similar mechanism a machine could be constructed adapted to writing five-lettered words, 850., or, if desired, it could be limited to the one and two lettered Words, or it could be limited to the single letters and the three-lettered words by arranging the parts to work in harmony, as herein described. Also I could have spaces, by arranging the key-leversover the desired supporting-frame according to the number of spaces desired by each particular character, Also there is nothing in the construction of my device which would prevent its being used with or applied to either a single or double case machine of the kind described. This paragraph,however, is rather to illustrate the nature of my invention than to describe it. j

Having described my invention, what "I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters IIO 1. The combination with a ratchet; of a 'fixed pawl, a limber pawl normally engaging the ratchet, a stop-guide, and steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the lateral movement of the limber pawl when released from engagement with the ratchet, each step having a groove for guiding the limber pawl back into engagement with the ratchet.

2. The combination with a ratchet; of a fixed pawl, a limber pawl hinged thereto and normally engagingthe ratchet,said fixed pawl and limber pawl being adapted to engage the ratchet alternately, a stationary stop-guide, and steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the lateral movement of the limber pawl, each step having a groove adapted to guide the limber pawl back into engagement with a corresponding notch in the ratchet.

3. The combination with a movable ratchet; of a dog-rocker, a fixedpawl, a limber pawl hinged thereto and movable laterally, a stationary stop-guide, steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the lateral movement of the limber pawl, each step having a groove adapted to guide the limber pawl back into engagement with a corresponding notch in the ratchet, said fixed pawl holding the ratchet against movement while disengaged from the spacing-arm.

4C. The combination withamovable ratchet; of a dog-rocker, a fixed pawl, a limber pawl hinged thereto and movable laterally,a spring adapted to automaticallyim part lateral movement to the limber pawl, a stop adapted to limit the movement of the limber pawl in one direction, a stop-guide, and steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the movement of the limber pawl in the opposite direction, each step having a groove adapted to guide the limber pawl back into engagement with a corresponding notch in the ratchet, said fixed pawl holding the ratchet against movement which disengaged from the limber pawl.

5. The combination with a movable ratchet; of a dog-rocker, a fixed pawl, arms thereto of unequal lengths whereby varying leverage may be secured upon the dog-rocker, a limber pawl hinged to the fixed pawl, a spring for imparting lateral movement thereto, a stop-guide, steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the lateral movement of the limber pawl,each step having a-groove adapted to guide the limber pawl to a corresponding notch in the ratchet, said fixed pawl preventing movement of the ratchet when the limb'er pawl is disengaged therefrom.

6. The combination with key-levers; of type operated thereby and each comprising one or more letters, the levers of the type having a similar number of letters being grouped, a supporting-frame for each group adapted to be depressed by any lever in said group, a dog-rocker, arms of different lengths extending therefrom whereby different leverages may be obtained, rods connecting the arms and frames, the frames operating the type having the most letters being secured to the longest arms, a fixed pawl, a movable ratchet, a limber pawl hinged to the fixed pawl, a stopgnide, steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the movement of the limber pawl, each step having a groove adapted to guide the limber pawl to a notch in the ratchet, said fixed pawl preventing movement of the ratchet when the limber pawl is disengaged therefrom.

'7. The combination with a dog-rocker, a fixed pawl, a limber pawl hinged thereto, a stop-guide, and steps thereto any one of which is adapted to limit the lateral movement of the limber pawl; of key-levers, type operated thereby and comprising one or more letters,

the levers of the type having the same number of letters being grouped together, a supporting-frame for each group, and arms of different lengths extending from the dogrocker, each group being connected to an arm and having a different leverage upon the dogrocker, whereby the limber pawl is moved into engagement with the proper step of the stop-guide.

S. The cdmbination with a ratchet; of a dog-rocker, a fixed pawl, a limber pawl adapted to releaseone or more teeth of the ratchet according to the length of the movement of the rocker,arms of different lengths extending from the rocker, supporting-plates secured one to each arm and having different degrees of leverage upon the rocker, and key-levers each adapted to depress a supporting-plate, the levers of type having the same number of letters being adapted to operate the same plate.

9. The combination with a ratchet; of a dog-rocker, a fixed pawl, a limber pawl adapted to release one or more teeth of the ratchet according to the length of the movement of the rocker,arms' ofdifierent lengths extending from the rocker, supporting-plates secured one to each arm and having different degrees of leverage upon the rocker, key-levers each adapted to depress a supporting-plate, the le vers of type having the same number of letters being adapted to operate the same plate, and spring-controlled levers for holding the plates normally raised.

10. The combination with a ratchet; of a dog-rocker, a fixed pawl, a limber pawl adapted to release one or more teeth of the ratchet according to the length of the movement of the rocker,arms of different lengths extending from the rocker;supporting-plates, a slotted rod connecting each plate with one of the arms, whereby each plate has a dilferent leverage upon the rocker, and key-levers each adapted to depress a supporting-plate.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

, MABLE C. CORNELL.

Witnesses: v

F. M. OoMsTocx, O. J. ROSEN. 

